South America

Xenacanthus

Xenacanthus, meaning “strange spine”, was a 3 foot long shark-like freshwater fish which lived in North America, South America, Europe, and Asia from the second half of the Carboniferous Period to the end of the Permian Period, approximately 323-251 million… Read More ›

Caypullisaurus

Caypullisaurus was a 20 foot long ichthyosaur which lived off the coast of Argentina (and possibly elsewhere) during the late Jurassic and early Cretaceous Periods 150-140 million years ago. In 1989, the front half of a skeleton of a medium-sized… Read More ›

Mosasaurus

Mosasaurus was a genus of fully-aquatic marine lizards which lived throughout the world’s oceans during the late Cretaceous Period approximately 75-66 million years ago. Fossils of this animal were first discovered in 1764 within a chalk mine in the town… Read More ›

Gualolepis

Gualolepis was a prehistoric freshwater fish which lived in western Argentina during the middle of the Triassic Period 235-234 million years ago. Only two specimens of this fish have been found (collection ID codes: PULR 106 and PULR 107), and… Read More ›

Challaia

Challaia was a genus of prehistoric freshwater fish which lived in South America during the early and middle Triassic Period 240-230 million years ago. Its fossils have been found within several geological formations in western Argentina. Challaia belonged to the… Read More ›

Megaraptor

Megaraptor was a 25 foot long carnivorous dinosaur which lived in Argentina during the late Cretaceous Period 90 million years ago. The fossils of this animal were discovered by the Argentinian paleontologist Fernando Novas in northwestern Patagonia, Argentina in 1996…. Read More ›

Strophodus

Strophodus was a 10 foot long hybodont shark which specialized in eating shellfish. It appeared during the early Jurassic Period and went extinct during the early Cretaceous Period, making it one of the longest-lived shark genera in the fossil record…. Read More ›

Dakosaurus

There were numerous kinds of marine reptiles which swam in the oceans during the Mesozoic Era, including the ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs, and mosasaurs. Less well known are the marine crocodilians, or more accurately, crocodylomorphs. These animals are known as the thalattosuchians,… Read More ›

Calamopleurus

Calamopleurus was a 3 foot long freshwater fish which lived in Brazil and northern Africa during the early and middle Cretaceous Period approximately 130-95 million years ago. Calamopleurus belonged to a family called Amiidae. Today, the only surviving amiid is… Read More ›

Leedsichthys

Leedsichthys was a very large prehistoric saltwater fish which lived during the middle and late Jurassic Period, circa 165-150 million years ago. It was named in 1889 in honor of Alfred N. Leeds who found the first specimen. Leedsichthys belonged… Read More ›